C Programming Structure

#tutorial20#

How to define a structure?

Keyword struct is used for creating a structure.

Syntax of structure

struct structure_name 
{
    data_type member1;
    data_type member2;
    .
    .
    data_type memeber;
};

Here is an example:

struct Person
{
    char name[50];
    int citNo;
    float salary;
};

Create structure variable

When a structure is defined, it creates a user-defined type. However, no storage or memory is allocated. To allocate memory of a given structure type and work with it, we need to create variables.
Here's how we create structure variables:

struct Person
{
    char name[50];
    int citNo;
    float salary;
};

int main()
{
    struct Person person1, person2, p[20];
    return 0;
}

Another way of creating a structure variable is:

struct Person
{
    char name[50];
    int citNo;
    float salary;
} person1, person2, p[20];

In both cases, two variables person1, person2, and an array variable p having 20 elements of type struct Person are created.

How to Access members of a structure?

There are two types of operators used for accessing members of a structure.

1. Member operator(.)
2. Structure pointer operator(->) (will be discussed in structure and pointers)

Suppose, you want to access salary of person2. Here's how you can do it:

person2.salary